enum

https://docs.python.org/3/howto/enum.html

Depending on the nature of the enum a member’s value may or may not be important, but either way that value can be used to get the corresponding member

Weekday(3)
<Weekday.WEDNESDAY: 3>

As you can see, the repr() of a member shows the enum name, the member name, and the value. The str() of a member shows only the enum name and member name

print(Weekday.THURSDAY)
Weekday.THURSDAY

Programmatic access to enumeration members and their attributes

Color(1)
<Color.RED: 1>

Color(3)
<Color.BLUE: 3>

Color['RED']
<Color.RED: 1>
Color['GREEN']
<Color.GREEN: 2>

Iteration

Iterating over the members of an enum does not provide the aliases

list(Shape)
[<Shape.SQUARE: 2>, <Shape.DIAMOND: 1>, <Shape.CIRCLE: 3>]

The special attribute __members__ is a read-only ordered mapping of names to members. It includes all names defined in the enumeration, including the aliases

for name, member in Shape.__members__.items():
    name, member

('SQUARE', <Shape.SQUARE: 2>)
('DIAMOND', <Shape.DIAMOND: 1>)
('CIRCLE', <Shape.CIRCLE: 3>)
('ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE', <Shape.SQUARE: 2>)

How are Enums and Flags different?

Enum Members (aka instances)

The most interesting thing about enum members is that they are singletons. EnumType creates them all while it is creating the enum class itself, and then puts a custom __new__() in place to ensure that no new ones are ever instantiated by returning only the existing member instances