backup-and-recovery
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/backup-and-recovery.html
Backup And Recovery Types
Physical (Raw) Versus Logical Backups
- Physical backup methods are faster than logical because they involve only file copying without conversion.
- Backups can be performed while the MySQL server is not running. If the server is running, it is necessary to perform appropriate locking so that the server does not change database contents during the backup
Online Versus Offline Backups
Online backups take place while the MySQL server is running so that the database information can be obtained from the server. Offline backups take place while the server is stopped. This distinction can also be described as “hot” versus “cold” backups; a “warm” backup is one where the server remains running but locked against modifying data while you access database files externally
Offline backup methods have these characteristics
- Clients can be affected adversely because the server is unavailable during backup. For that reason, such backups are often taken from a replica that can be taken offline without harming availability.
- The backup procedure is simpler because there is no possibility of interference from client activity